Friction shock-absorbing mechanism



, May 29, 1928.

1,671,582 N S. B. HASELTINE FRICTION SHOCK ABSORBING MECHANISM Filed Aug. 4, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 2 9, 1928.

l 1,671,582 A s. B. l-lAsELTlNE FRICTION SHOCK ABSORBING MECHANISM y Filed Aug. 4, 1924 2 sheets-sheet 2 H9417 if -Q' l,

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HWMQ@ Patented rMay 29,

L 's'rAcY iail HAsEL'rrNE, 'or enrolled inniixirosgnssisnoii,er Masiva essremiiniirsiro f W. Minna-INC,Aoonronn'rIoN oFjnnLAWARE- i Fmo'rroii sHooireAnsoniiNG MEoHANisM.

`liplgiiication 'inea August 4, 19in. seiiaino. 729,87eff This inventionv relates to improven'ientsl in V-frictio'n shock absorbing mechanisms.4

One Object` of the invention is to provide africtioiishockabsorbing mechanism of the intercalated plate vtype'fmore particularlyv I i 'fnis1n,fas shown, compriseshroadlyfrontf and A :rear casingsfA;A; frontand rean WedgeA Q hlocksB-B'gffront and rear pairs 'offwedge i kradapted"y for railiva7 draft-.riggings, wherein is obtainedhigh capacity due to. large: frictional areas, together `with light preliminary action during the compression :stroke and.

certain and immediaterelease of the mechanisin upon reduction of the .actuating[force A- more specific object of the invention *is to provide .a shock absorbing mechanismy l of the charactery indicated` including "avplu-y '"1 rality of-rela-t'ively movable-friction" plates f and a Wedge 'means for `placingthe plates under lateral pressure, Whereintlie Wedge means is `entirely freeito. release, independ# ent-ly of the other parts of ythe'mechanistic, ftherehy preventing thefsticlring of the Wedge fmeans and assuring `the immediate rednc- 'tion of pressure on Vthe parts of the-mechf anisin at the'initiationfof the releasing action y {after each actuationy of the mechanism, to

,finsure aquiclr andv easy restoration ofallvfl i ofthe parts to'normal'positioni k i Other objects andhdvantages'of the i'nvention will more clearly 'and fully vappear froml the description and claims hereinafter following; s i v Inf the drawings, forming apart of this specification, Figure 1l is a horizontahlon- 'gitudinah sectional View of a portion of a railway-draft rigging. showing my improve`-v `ments in connection therewith.v 4.a1-vertical, transverse; sectional'view corresponding substantially to the'line 2-2 of vFigure "1; Figure Sis a1 vertical, longitudinal, sectional View of the forward portion ofthe shockfabsorbing mechanism proper,

- v corresponding` substantially totheline '3 -43 of Figure 1.: 'Figure 4 is a detailed, side,

i `elevational view yof one of the friction plates used in connection with my improvedinech` .anisnn and Figure '5 is adetailed, yper-y spective ,view yof one of the friction Wedge yshoes.` 'f

` In'said'drawings, 10--10 indicate channel-` shaped, center or draft sills.'of -a-.railway car underframe to the inner faces of'which are secured front stoplugsi111`11 and rear lstop lugs 12-12'. Aportion of the drawbar- :is shown at 13, to vvvliichfis suitably attached a hooded yokeV 1 4 of Well-known formi* The `p of the Wedge block, adapted to coact with the shock absorbing mechanism proper and the edges 'of said-opening being spaced from'fthe Figure '2 is front` and rear. folloivers i lifaiid' 16V- are-diss `posed nfithintheyyoke. .l rlhe yoke and the parts ftherevvithin 'are' supported in` opera'` tive position by a detachable saddle-plate 17;V `v

friction yshoes Cv-,Cg tvvo vgroupsof' inteicalated friction plates D-iD ,frontend rearl of plate"` restoring bars F-F ,a mainspring resistance vGr; Vand vanauxiliaryspring ref 'l form; having ja vertical endvvalll 18 at one i endend-open at the opposite end; The inner sides' ofthe opposite side Walls of eachv lcasing present t; longitudinally extending yfriction vsurfaces 19. v- An "opening 20 of rec- 18 of each casing, theltop, bottom an'dgside:V

top, bottom and sidesoffthe correspondingA casing, as clearly shoWnunfF1gures 1 and surface band reinforcing rounding said opening.`

`tangular ontlinefis :formedlin the 'end'vvall Y 3,5 therebyproviding. aninterior-y abutment liange entirely. surof' like constructionalsm'are' inthe form of Y to .hear on` "a boss QSfiniv-ardly projectingH wedge*lilock,l andi as illustrated, comprises lhollow fhlocksffiEach, block -B has parallel,

spaced, transversely disposed,innerjand,outsk 7 1' er vertical end Walls21 and 22,{co nnectedv l t hv"top,floott om and side Wallsa The end'ival'lr 90 j 22 ofea'chloloclr presents a flat fface'adapted 1 u :from the corresponding mainvvfollower. Thefl i 'i if bossyofjeach of the follovvers'landl `isfgofv rectangular outline corresponding in @e5l size to th'e 'endvfface ofthe correspor iding rilosfl` As clearlyshown in Figuresfl and 3,* Y

the looss'- 23 of'. yeach main. follower extends vthrough and Works'freelyy in the `Opening 20 of 4theend walllof the correspondingcasing A. Each blockBhas the vside Walls thereof extended inwardly beyond'the.. Wall Q2.' said side walls `converging toward the flongitudiL nal axis of the .mechanism and-presentinga airof flat=gvvedge`faces 24"at opposite sides adjacent pair of friction shoes The inner Send Wall 2l ofy each block B is'provided With arelatively large opening 25 adapted to 'freel laccommodatethe corres ondinoend v ,Y Y, D

)of the auxiliaryfspringresistanceH,the lat-rl vrter beinginterposed"between the frontand rear Wedge blocks Bla-nd khavinglts front-y and rear ends vbearing on-the 'respectiveend i v Walls 22v of the front- :an-drear Wedges.

'n lo f yThe frictionshoes C are four in number, arranged m pairs'at opposite ends ofthe ,"xnechfanism, each pair coa'cting with ay cor- `responding wedge block B. Each shoe C` 'has a fiat outer face 2G.fadapted tolcoact with the "corresponding groupof frictiony lprlatesDi lOnjthe innerside, YVor t-hey side neaii'esttheaxis ofthe mechanism, each shoe facjesj2ll. ofthe corresponding WedgefB.v ,i Each shoe isf-cut .away atcthe outer endat p the top and bottom as clearly-shown in Fi'gure 5, to provide clearance forthe corres is provided with al-ateral enlargement `2.7," disposed bet-Ween the ends of the shoe, said. enlargement hav-ing. yan outer Wedge Vface l124. adapted to coactiivitli one of the'vvedge sponding restoringba'rsF and Vontheyside nearest the laxis of the `mechanism 1s' pro,-

' lvidedwvith topand bottom, horizontally dis- Each plate E is disposed transversely of the mechanism and has the opposite-:ends thereof; beveled and` engaging the inner `sides of ,Lt-heg,y enlargements?? 'of the corresponding. y Y n Y Wedge lblock B.y Each bar lllgis arranged shoes, the innersides of said enlargements rwhich the spring H extends, the openings beingcorrespondingly beveled as' clearlyv fshoWninFigure l. `The plates-E vare-pro vided, withltop. ,andv bottom, horizontally' k.Sdisposed flanges or arms 29 and Vhorizontally ldisposed top and bottom lugs 29', the'arms 429' ofxeach plate extending outwardly above and below.y the corresponding Wedge, and havingr their free rends abuttingwthe correspondingrestoring bars; The lugs 29 pro-y ject inwardlyand'serve to #center the corresponding end of the spring-Gnv The plate` portionv proper of each `springfollower is provided with a central yopening 30 through 30 ofthe 'fo'lloiversfbeing axially alined with the openings of the `wedges B and being of ysuch asi'ze as tofreel'y. accommodate the :spring H. f

, Thespring resistance Gr comprises an in# nerlight coilj surround-ing the coil H andan. outer, relative-lyheavier coil, the coilsof the spr-'ing'fjresistance Gybeing disposed longi-v tudi-nally of thel mechanism between `the front Iand rear sets of-shoes and having their oppositeends bearing respectively on the i vfront and rear spring vfollowers E.

The friction `plates'or elements'D are ar-y ranged .Within.fthev casings Auand comprise tivo -opposit-ely dispsedV-'groupa each group being preferably composed yof eight plates. All of the friction elements or pl'atesfD of bothpgroups arecofidentical construction;

Uponfreference tolFigure 4, it Willjbfe seen .that each plate D `has'Qtheupper andiovver edges cut away at'one Aend thereof to'iprolklowery edges notched as indicated atv `82-.32,

plateslof each .greupiare arrangedin two sets,Lv one v,set consisting ofv four 'plates vide a reducedend section 31. y Near the opey posite end, v'each plate has the upper: and

'80 :the-notches:beingin'vertical alignment. The

setare alternated with the plates 345ofthe other set and are re'versely',arranged there,` tog's'o that-,the plates 33 havezthe-endsjprovidedwith the recesses .atyt'he forward .i f i90; f

end ofthe mechanism and the plates 34e have the endsprovided yvvith the'recesses` 32 dis-v posed at the rrear end ofthe-mechanism.

,Theplates composing each .group are inter-` posed betweenthe .set ofpfront andfrear v i shoes' C, at theacorrespondingside ofthe mechanism, andthe adjacent sidey -walls 'of 4the, front :and rear casings eA, one of the .plates 33 of each group being disposed outermost andeng'aging the .respectiveycasing friction. surfaces 19 anda: plate 34 of each group being disposed' innermost andv engag" ing the Vfriction surfacesj26 vof' the. corresponding shoesC ,y The barsFae four innumb'er, tivobeing los v disposed atfeac'h'end of the mechanism, one.

wel

above andthe other belowthe corresponding transversely'ofthemechanism,andadapt,

ed to abutthe ,corresponding arm 29 of one of the spring followers?) ",Tllc lop and'lOjtend..v` laterally lbeyond'` the v`.Correspoiiding shoesgat opposite sides ofLjt-h'e mechanism.

Theopposite ends of thetop and bottom# bars at lthe 'forwardend of the mechanism f engage with the acer-respondlng notchesq32 of the' 'respective sets of plates'attheopf posite sidesofthe mechanism, .and .the .top

mechanisnji `engage with ,they respective .notches 32 ofthe two sets of plates 34e# The notches of each plate are of such a slzeras to substantially fit the coacting barssov l vthat the plates will move in unison with thev corr'espondingbars.

a'the normal f full released of y iml tomgb'arsat `each end 'ofthe mechanism eXf mechanism, which is imost rclearly show-'n in k'Figures l andjS, the front ends `of' the plates' 33and vthe rear ends l,of theiplat'es 34 of` each group aregrespectively held in, thei`r outer ,most posit-ion' byj the' front and; rear setsof 1 barsffFyth'e respective sets ,of front and Vrear fjbars' being `held 4in f their outermost' position by the arms 29 lof ;tliegcorresponding spring follower .E,out\`f.fard movementof the latter bei'n'g limited by engagement with thecorre- `spending'shoesCQ The front ends ofthe pla'tesare heldinsabutinent with the end f wallfof.thefront casing Aand the rear ends of 'theplatesfareheld in abutment `With 'the innersurfac'e of lthe endwall of the rea-r v'casing C. The respective plates are, of such aflength ,that, therear ends ofthe plates .33X and thefront ends of. th ofplates 34 are no r mally spaced .afsuthcient distancelfromthe corresponding" endA walls of the rear yand front casings to periiiit" the required full movement ofthe platesdurmgthe oompres the vcorresp onding bars andibeing of- "such an extent' as to insure properv clearance.

' eoresrendile fellow'evslbelle held inthe@ positionby"the plates D,';which are adapted if tohear onth'e inner surfaces of the end walls 18 of the plates lier'e'iiibefo'repointed out.

."lhe shoes C are yieldingly maintainedin their 'ontermost posit-ioirby the main springV GZac'ting through ythe spring. followers E,

vout-ward movement of theshoes being in turn limited i by engagement vwith tliewedges B,

and outward movemjento'fthelatter l i m ited byfthe front and rearfollowers.i I l I The operaf'tionof my improved s hoclrabay mechanism as follows, assuming an' inward or, buing movementfofithedraw# bar A upon inward or rearvvard l'n i'ovement fof the77 drawbar', thef ,f ront follower 15 .will be movedtherewith, 'forcingAA the front wedge ,B andthe shoes'Crearwardly therewith and compressing themain spring resista neeGr loe-Q` tweenthe i spring followers, thereby vforcing thfe ear l pair of ,shoes against the 4rear wedge Atf the 4salitre time,' f the' spring resistance H' "will' "b`e compressed directly V between the -wed.

s :Bf wedging aetionwillthusbe set weenl 'each wedgeand the.correspond--A inv set" ofshoes, plaing the frictionplates under lateral pressure. As rearwardinove-- lment ofz the.. front follower ,eontinues, the

friction shoes C will tend'to move the'fric- `tion plates and fronteasing A rearwardly This will result in a'balancing action, andv therewith, due to the friction between the shoes C andthe twogroups of plates and between the 'latter andthe front casing A.

There will be aysubtsantially 'equalresist-V ance to -the'rearward movement of the plates and-the rear casing A, due to the frictionl betweenl tl'ie-rearshoes,plates and casing.

i i' the rearl casing A will approach the rear v follower 16 at substantially the same rate as the; front follower approaches the front casf 'in g,' Whilethe front shoes slipI on the' inner casing A and the `rear casing engages th'erear Vfollower, whereuponthe front casingA/will bemoved rearwardly directly by the front i l' follower .while the-rear t casing willfbel held Vstationaryby Contact withy the rear follower, and the. plates. 33 andfS/i willbe movedrela` tively tol each other, greatly augmenting the frictonal resistance. The relative' movement i transmitted direct-ly' tov the rear (stop lugs .bars an lappreciable'v distanoe, V

HDuring draft, the actionjis that described, the rear follower ldbeing Aofthe c'asings Awillgbe: arrested upon the adyacent :inner ends thereof comingi-nto engagement;jwhereupon,l thel forces; -willi-be` v f As will evdent` yduring the initial-relative movement of the main follower vand the icasings, the arms ,of the spring followers bemoved aw'ayfrom the cor-responding bars -husfspaoing the. armsinwardly of the thelreverse of isheld stationary, v v Upon removal of vthe, aetuatingnforce;the weidging pressure'- will beI immediately relieved, ydue to i the expansivel aotionf of the spring H1 forcing 4the.wedgesjB outwardly;

release "movement 'of the `fr iotion shoes (l due -tliewedges being free tomove ind ependentlfy V fof th e other elements -ofthe, meolianisml at this time, Fheii'e wlllalsobe an initialeasy"v A lou tothe. barsffF-jbeing spaced from the outer l I ,1' L;

ends ofthe arms ofthe spring l followerv the groups of plates;- Aslthespringlfollows resistance Gy the vouter ends of :the f arms of the spring followers will bebrouglitz into" engagementwith ,thefcorrespondingv set lofi `bars F and the barsintiirnwilllie- 'movedV -Thisinitialaetion assures an easy release and v @erta-1n reductionofthelateralfjpressure o fn f t out'wardly'i;l also, ,elfectingfoutward n iovement of the-platesl o3 lwhich arelanehored thereby causing lthelfront casing A. be car-v there@ l 115:,

ried outwardly falso. Simultaneously;with theoutward movement 'of the wedge andooacting shoes at the front eind-'of the mechayi'iism, thespring resistance elements areperff l mitted to expand,4 thereby vrelieving the pressure kon lthe shoes Cat therearend of the lmechansm andreducingthe pressure o nthe plates. As the two .sets of plates move forwardly with the front casingythe other y two'sets-of platesfli and the rear casing A dueto the friction between the `parts will "be carried along therewith until arrested bythe 'i bars F anchoredvtothe plates-34C coming into engagement with the arms of thefre'ar spring `follower E.y yAll of the part's'willy thus fbe.

' :restored te nornigal'r pesjftionby ffl-ie expansion A'oftln [spring resistance elements and l-wedb e Surfaces, cen-ip ensagti-on' Ltherefor will be f'by t'hf wedge slioesJC :being moved :apant due to lie exp ansi'on' of Athe spring lrmistanceG, which is under finitinl y`eo,1'npres- Sision., agls'iiie'ienit clearance `being -left'b'etween a t outer `end iofeac'li vvshoe and the end Wall toil: 'the Yaoi-res "Ondiney .casino to Y errnit the i D v n y the lpreceding desoiipftin, it `4`vill be lwide'nt-tliagt dIhave provided an 'intercalated r plategear ci: exceedingly*high capacity in*l f-'which absolute release off-the inainzwedges is assured' "byy means entireyin'depen*dent of "the: .i'i'snal `mainspring resis'taiic'e' restorff 'ing the fritti-en' shoesandplateerofnornial ffpiositi-om the main *Wedge beingy freed "freniY theshoes` by independent `spring means diev -rectlycoac'ting ivith the sa'nie, Landbeingg fui-ther entirely yfree from engagement with v the yehenients'foriestoringtheotlier parts 'of'the mechanism. VIt. will also 'be evident f that release is `further facilitated bythe main spring resistance moving tlie'slio'es relativ-ely to the friction-plates to break the gfricti'onal eonta'ctf-therebe'tween bef-ore an restoring movement ofthe pla'tesxis/eliect'ed In -a Y friction shock absorbingfmechay nismfthecombination with 'front and'rea'r followers-felativelyV movable toward from leach "otherjof frontland reanfriction casings also vrelatively fin'ova'ble toward yand l y fromgeaeliother, said `casinlgs'each havingk an outer end Wall and'each `casing :also hav-V l ingy inter'ior,-` oppositelongitudinally fdis-v posed,' friction' snfaceslya pluralityl of rela-l y tivelyhmovable frictionelement-s Within said? ycasings, gsai-d elements 'beingjdivided'int'o Y f, two` groups" V-displosedfjon opposite sides Aof 75u' the mechanism,V each gropy coactifrigfy With f'friction surfaceslat onejside of said casings, n

lendl wail' 'nii' rthe other Casing, n n friction elements are "finove'd" 'relatively v"to reach oth-er ,upon relative l move-ment ofwsai'd 1 casings toward each other; a lja'te'ra-l Wedge' pressure creating system "at 'each endoffthe' rvmechani'sin disposed between `said grou-ps of l mentsl Within fs'aid casing@ altfeinate 4friction Velemente"ofeach lgroup "being engaged "by the end 7 s-aidjcasing'sjand ythe remaining friction *ele-1f ments of 'said groupe-being engaged 1by th'e' lsof olie voffy friction "elements,` 'eachsystem :incl'ding Wedge pressure transmitting element land a i.

wedge pressure transmitting elements being *lowers respectively fanda spring y'resis'tfa'n'c'e interposed between l said' wed-ge pressure `cre ating system."

2. :In -a "frrctioi'i Shock absorbingifne'cha'- ,plurality y *of Wedge 1 fric-tion shoes, "'saidl n 55` directlyen'gaged'bythe jfront vland' rear ol-v nisni,- the combination :with front: and rear follower acting members relatively movable toward vand 'from each other; .front 'rear f "Wedge members associated;respectivelywvith iny Wedge members g `frontend 'rear friction cals'- ings lrelatiwey movable towani Vand vfrom each other,` eachof said casingsits f 'outer end cflosed ay,iji'anslvers'e` Wall, 'said ivalfl *being :providedf'withl 'an' opening'lto freely receivethe corresponding Wedge casings YalsoY havinginteri'o'r,` opposite, longi#y elementshaving'.engagement withY the transf vverse v v'allof 'on-ejof saidd easings ,aidjhe l ,90, Withfniej.trinsverse'wail of lthe othercasingv said elements beingfdivided `into Atwo ,groups v remaining f elements having engagement" certain y'of 'saidy atf 'opposite vsides 'ofthe fineC/hanisin, veachof I said vgroups enacting :wit fthe irritation 'slurf` faces atone `side of Saidvcaslngspnnd @01"16-A c spondingrriction wedge-'lsl'roesg,-`and-main' springr l,resiStance t means interposed :between said'fr'ont andre'ar 'Wedges 'and Wedgefshoes,

have herenntosbscribed y nainethis 2nd Srl-LACY B51 i 

